DNA as Topological Quantum Computer: Part II

Abstract

This article is the second part of the article representing a vision about how DNA might act as a topological quantum computer (tqc). The topics discussed are following. (1) How the basic gates are realized concretely? Gates can be identified as basic braid operations so that the question reduces to how braidings of magnetic flux tubes represent gates and what kind of particles represent the quantum states. The identification of the particles is in terms of quarks: TGD indeed predicts a hierarchy of scaled variants of hadron physics. (2) How the braiding is realized concretely? What do braid strands identified as magnetic flux tubes look like? How the braiding operation is induced? The tentative answer is that color magnetic flux tubes connecting DNA nucleotides to the lipids of nuclear and cell membrane define braid strands and that braiding operations are induced by hydrodynamic flow around membrane generating 2-D flow of liquid crystal defined by the lipids. Also nerve pulse propagation can induce this kind of 2-D flow. (3) How magnetic flux tubes are realized? The interpretation of flux tubes as correlates of directed attention at molecular level leads to concrete picture. Hydrogen bonds are by their asymmetry natural correlates for a directed attention at molecular level. Also flux tubes between acceptors of hydrogen bonds must be allowed and acceptors can be seen as the subjects of directed attention and donors as objects. Examples of acceptors are aromatic rings of nucleotides, O = atoms of phosphates, etc. A connection with metabolism is obtained if it is assumed that various phosphates XMP, XDP, XTP, X=A, T, G, C act as fundamental acceptors and plugs in the connection lines. The basic metabolic process ATP → ADP + P_i allows an interpretation as a reconnection splitting flux tube connection, and the basic function of phosphorylating enzymes would be to build flux tube connections as also of breathing and photosynthesis.