Some Mysteries of the Biological Evolution from the TGD Point of View

Abstract

In this article 3 mysteries related to the origin of life on Earth are discussed. The recent candidate for life's universal common ancestor (LUCA) has a surprisingly large number of genes, much larger than the earlier candidate and it would be a rather complex life form. The sudden emergence of complex multicellular life forms in the Cambrian Explosion is the second mystery. The TGD proposal for the solution of the LUCA mystery relies on the solution of the mystery of the Cambrian explosion. Bacteria and archaea would have evolved at the surface of the Earth and eukaryotes having a cell nucleus and reproducing sexually in the underground oceans. Bacteria and archaea would have evolved from a counterpart of LUCA having a much smaller genome and eukaryotes would have evolved from an archaea with maximum size, which became the nucleus of the first eukaryote, LUCA. The third mystery relates to the asteroid Ryugu, which was found to contain basic amino acids and also RNA and microorganisms bacteria and microfossils resembling those living at Earth were found. Does this support the Panspermia hypothesis? There are however strong objections against this hypothesis and it has been proposed that the microorganisms living on Earth might have somehow colonized the Ryugu sample. There is no known mechanism for how this could happen. The TGD based solution of the mystery relies on the prediction that life and its evolution are long length scale phenomena involving gravitational and electric field bodies, which can have an astrophysical size.